Hva er Progressive Web App (PWA)?
Rask definisjon
En Progressive Web App er en nettapp bygget med moderne teknologier som gir brukeropplevelser tilsvarende native apper, inkludert frakoblet tilgang og push-varsler.
Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) bridge the gap between websites and native mobile apps. They're built using standard web technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) but include features traditionally associated with native apps: they can work offline, send push notifications, access device hardware, and be installed on a user's home screen.
The key technologies that enable PWAs are Service Workers (background scripts that enable offline functionality and caching), a Web App Manifest (a JSON file that tells the browser how to display the app when installed), and HTTPS (required for security). Together, these allow a website to function like an app without requiring users to visit an app store.
PWAs are "progressive" because they work for every user regardless of browser choice, and they progressively enhance based on what the user's device supports. In an older browser, it works as a regular website. In a modern browser, it gains app-like capabilities.
Major companies like Twitter, Pinterest, Starbucks, and Uber have built PWAs. Twitter Lite (their PWA) saw a 65% increase in pages per session, 75% increase in tweets, and a 20% decrease in bounce rate compared to their previous mobile web experience.
Hvorfor det betyr noe
PWAs offer the best of both worlds: the reach of the web with the experience of a native app. Unlike native apps, PWAs don't require app store approval, and users don't need to download anything. This dramatically lowers the barrier to engagement.
For businesses, PWAs are significantly cheaper to build and maintain than native apps. Instead of building separate iOS and Android apps plus a website, a PWA is a single codebase that works everywhere. They're especially valuable for businesses in emerging markets where users have limited storage space and slow connections.
Eksempler fra virkeligheten
Starbucks built a PWA that is 99.84% smaller than their iOS app, enabling customers to browse the menu and customize orders even when offline
Pinterest's PWA increased mobile ad revenue by 44% and user engagement by 60% compared to their previous mobile website
A retail company launched a PWA that loads in under 2 seconds on 3G connections, reaching customers in areas where their native app couldn't perform
A news publisher's PWA with push notifications achieved a 25% increase in return visits compared to their traditional mobile website
Relaterte termer
Single-Page Application (SPA)
En Single-Page Application er en nettapp som laster én enkelt HTML-side og oppdaterer innholdet dynamisk etter hvert som brukeren interagerer med den.
Responsive Design
Responsivt design er en tilnærming til webutvikling som lar nettsteder tilpasse seg og vises korrekt på alle skjermstørrelser, fra skjermer til smarttelefoner.
Server-Side Rendering (SSR)
Server-Side Rendering er en teknikk der nettsider genereres på serveren ved hver forespørsel og leverer komplett HTML til nettleseren for rask første innlasting.
Lazy Loading
Lazy loading er en teknikk som utsetter innlastingen av ikke-kritiske ressurser, som bilder under folden, til de faktisk er nødvendige.
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